Parallels client farm4/9/2023 ![]() ![]() In its revised Principles of Veterinary Medical Ethics, the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association called for veterinary schools to “stress the teaching of ethical and value issues as part of the professional curriculum for all veterinary students” and for the National Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners to “prepare and include questions regarding professional ethics in the North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE)”. European Directive 2005/36/EC states that ethics is a core subject of veterinary education, without providing clear competencies for students to achieve in this area. A joint report of the Federation of Veterinarians of Europe (FVE) and the European Association of Establishments for Veterinary Education (EAEVE) called for more uniform, comprehensive teaching of animal welfare, ethics and law across veterinary schools, stating that “one cannot be a good clinician without being aware of the ethical issues in decision-making in practice”. There is scope for further development and refinement of veterinary ethics teaching. Ensuring that robust ethical frameworks are employed will ultimately help veterinarians to “speak up” to address animal welfare concerns and prevent future harms. A number of examples are provided to illustrate this point. Insufficiently mature ethical reasoning or a lack of veterinary ethical sensitivity can lead to an inability or difficulty in speaking up about concerns with clients and ultimately, failure in their duty of care to animals, leading to poor animal welfare outcomes. An overview is provided of how veterinary ethics are taught and how common ethical frameworks and approaches are employed-along with legislation, guidelines and codes of professional conduct-to address animal welfare issues. Veterinary ethics is a relatively new area of educational focus but is thought to be critically important in helping veterinarians formulate their approach to clinical case management and in determining the overall acceptability of practices towards animals. Although expectations for appropriate animal care are present in most developed countries, significant animal welfare challenges continue to be seen on a regular basis in all areas of veterinary practice. ![]()
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